Nutrition in Children and Adolescents
Knowledge Path
Knowledge Path Table of Contents
- Overview
- Websites
- Additional Electronic Publications
- Databases: Data, Literature and Research, and Programs
- Electronic Newsletters and Online Discussion Groups
Resources on Specific Aspects of Nutrition
- Child Care/Early Childhood Education
- Food Marketing to Children
- Food Safety
- Food Security and Nutrition Assistance Programs
Please provide feedback on this knowledge path.
This knowledge path about child and adolescent nutrition has been compiled by the MCH Library at Georgetown University. It offers a selection of current, high-quality resources that analyze data, describe public health campaigns and other promotion programs, and report on research aimed at identifying promising strategies for improving nutrition and eating behaviors within families, schools, and communities. Separate sections of the knowledge path presents resources about child care and early childhood education, food safety, food marketing to children, and food security and nutrition assistance programs. Separate briefs point to resources for families and schools. This knowledge path will be updated periodically.
See the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issue brief, Nutrition and the health of young people, rev. ed. (2007). This brief provides data and facts about nutrition and eating behaviors among children and adolescents and the relationship of these behaviors to disease and academic performance.
- Adolescent
Nutrition.
Contains resources for health professionals,
educators, and students about adolescent
nutrition and eating disorders.
This online resource is presented
by Jane Mitchell Rees, Ph.D., R.D.,
C.D., at the University of Washington
School of Public Health and Community
Medicine with support from the Maternal
and Child Health Bureau (MCHB).
- Agricultural
Research Service (ARS).
Contains program summaries,
action plans, and annual
reports about its Human
Nutrition National Program,
of which the Children's
Nutrition Research Center
(CNRC) is
a part. ARS is responsible
for the National
Agricultural Library
(NAL) and
its online catalog, AGRICOLA.
- American
Academy of Pediatrics (AAP): Nutrition.
Contains pediatric nutrition resources
on topics that include sports nutrition,
breastfeeding, starting solid foods,
calcium intake, anemia, obesity
and overweight, and managing high
blood pressure. Resources include
growth charts, policy statements,
clinical practice guidelines, patient-education
materials, and texts.
- American Heart Association (AHA): Healthier Kids.
Provides information about programs that aim to improve nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents in homes, schools, and communities.
- Association
of State and Territorial Public
Health Nutrition Directors (ASTPHND).
Offers news, meeting and professional-development
information, and resources about
public health nutrition that include
Moving to the Future: Tools for Planning Nutrition and Physical Activity Programs. Presents resources to develop successful community programs that promote healthy eating and physical activity. Includes instructions for conducting a community assessment, writing objectives, developing a plan, and evaluating programs; forms, surveys, and worksheets that can be adapted to a community program; and discussion forums.
- Center
for Nutrition Policy and Promotion
(CNPP).
Contains reports, journal articles,
dietary-guidance materials, food
plans, web-based training, and
symposium proceedings. Resources
and initiatives include
Dietary guidelines for Americans. Provides background materials and information about how to apply the guidelines, which emphasize healthy eating and physical activity to maintain a healthy weight. Links to the current Dietary guidelines for Americans, 7th ed. (2010) and accompanying material.
Expenditures on children by families. A series of annual reports that provide estimates on the cost of raising children from birth to age 17.
- Center
for Science in the Public Interest
(CSPI): Nutrition Policy.
Offers articles, reports, and model
legislation about improving child
and adolescent nutrition. Initiatives
include efforts to decrease
the marketing of low-nutrition
foods to children, improve
school foods, improve
food safety,
and educate children about healthy
foods.
- Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC).
Contains a wealth of nutrition
resources and initiatives that
include
CDC's Guide to Community Preventive Services. Contains information about a systematic review of studies to develop recommendations for population-based interventions addressing nutrition.
CDC's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Provides data about nutrition and diet in the United States, including results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Resources include
- CDC growth charts: United States (2000). Contains tools and background information for plotting the growth of infants, children, and adolescents through age 20. CDC and the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) developed two sets of self-directed, interactive training modules for health professionals using the pediatric growth charts in clinical and public health settings. Topics for one set of modules include background information about the rationale for changes in the revised charts; using and interpreting the body-mass-index-for-age charts; and recommendations to screen, assess, and manage overweight in children and adolescents. Topics for the second set of modules include accurate measuring (equipment and technique) and using the growth charts with various populations, such as adolescents and children with special health care needs.
CDC's Nutrition and Physical Activity Program: Nutrition Resources for Health Professionals. Contains data and statistics; information about programs and campaigns, including state-based nutrition and physical activity programs; nutrition guidelines; and tools for planning, implementing, and evaluating nutrition-intervention programs. Also presents state legislative information and results from the Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System (PedNSS).
CDC's Public Health Training Network. Contains distance-learning resources for public health professionals on a variety of topics, including nutrition.
Also see CDC's Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH).
- Children's
Nutrition Research Center (CNRC).
Contains a wealth of resources
about nutrition for pregnant and
nursing women and for infants,
children, and adolescents. Resources
include research and training information,
articles, an interactive healthy
eating calculator,
an electronic
newsletter,
downloadable healthy eating posters
for schools, and links to nutrition-related
websites and electronic publications.
CNRC is a cooperative venture between
the Baylor College of Medicine,
Texas Children's Hospital, and
the Agricultural
Research Service (ARS).
- Food
and Nutrition Information Center
(FNIC).
Provides databases and resource
lists with
links to reports, policy statements,
websites, electronic
discussion groups,
and other information tools on
a wide range of food and nutrition
topics for health and education
professionals. Presents a selection
of resources about lifecycle nutrition
with sections about child
nutrition and health and adolescence.
Topic-specific information services
include the Healthy
Meals Resource System (HSMRS) and WIC
Works Resource System.
- Healthy People
2020. Information about this national health-promotion and disease-prevention
initiative of the Department of Health and Human Services. View the overview, objectives, and recommended interventions and resources for nutrition and weight status and food safety.
- Institute
of Medicine: Dietary Reference
Intake (DRI) Research Synthesis.
Presents information about understanding
and using the DRIs, a set of values
that serve as standards for nutrient
intakes for healthy persons in
the United States and Canada. The
DRIs cover 46 nutrient substances,
and the DRI values are developed
for different genders and age groups,
including infants, children, adolescents,
and pregnant and breastfeeding
women. Information is presented
in tables, reports, and in the
eight-volume set.
- Leadership,
Education and Training (LET) Program
in Maternal and Child Nutrition.
Contains web-based curricula and
training information about maternal
and child health (MCH) nutrition
for nutrition professionals and
other health professionals who
work with women, infants, children,
and adolescents. Curricula topics
include public health nutrition,
childhood obesity, health disparities,
and connecting with pregnant adolescents.
LET is part of the School of Public
Health at the University of Minnesota
and is funded by the Maternal
and Child Health Bureau (MCHB).
- Maternal
and Child Health Training Program:
Nutrition Grantees Collaborative
Web Site.
Offers information about eight
university-based MCH nutrition
training programs. Presents information
about grantee resources, meetings
and conferences, and position announcements.
The training program is part of
the Maternal
and Child Health Bureau (MCHB).
- National
Association of Pediatric Nurse
Practitioners (NAPNAP): Healthy
Eating and Activity Together (HEAT).
Presents an evidence-based clinical
practice guideline and resource
kit for this initiative to improve
child health through culturally
appropriate and strength-based
interventions that build the family's
ability to achieve the ideal balance
between nutrition and physical
activity to support optimal growth
and wellness.
- Public
Health Nutrition for the 21st Century.
Presents six online modules about
pubic health nutrition practice,
placing particular emphasis on
addressing Healthy People 2010
objectives relevant to MCH and
nutrition. The modules address
nutrition programs and policies,
community assessment, nutrition
epidemiology, nutrition in pregnancy,
nutrition prevention of chronic
disease, and obesity among children
and adults. The program is produced
by the University
of North Carolina School of Public
Health.
- Weight-Control
Information Network (WIN).
Offers publications and
research information about nutrition,
physical activity, and overweight
and obesity. Publications are available
in English and Spanish. WIN is
an information service of the National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK).
Additional Electronic Publications
- Leadership
for Healthy Communities.
2007. Improving
access to healthy foods: A guide
for policy-makers.
Washington, DC: Leadership for Healthy
Communities. This report describes
how state and local officials can
facilitate healthy eating by adopting
policies that help communities improve
access to affordable, healthy foods
for all residents.
- McCann B. 2006. Community
design for healthy eating: How land
use and transportation solutions
can help.
Princeton, NJ: Robert
Wood Johnson Foundation.
This paper explores the ways the
built environment affects access
to nutritious foods for people living
in neighborhoods where most residents
have low incomes.
- Mikkelsen L, Chehimi
S. 2007. Links
between the neighborhood food environment
and childhood nutrition.
Oakland, CA: Prevention
Institute.
This paper identifies key investigations
of the neighborhood food environment,
examines current efforts to bring about
improvements, and discusses new research
and policy priorities.
- National
Institute of Child Health and Human
Development (NICHD).
2006. Building
strong bones: Calcium information
for health care providers.
Rockville, MD: National Institute
of Child Health and Human Development.
This document, which is geared toward
health professionals who serve children,
adolescents, and families, provides
information about the amount of calcium
required during childhood and adolescence,
and how to get it.
- Story M, Holt K, Sofka
D, eds. 2002. Bright
Futures in practice: Nutrition, 2nd
ed. Arlington,
VA: National
Center for Education in Maternal and
Child Health (NCEMCH).
This book presents nutrition guidelines
and tools emphasizing health promotion,
disease prevention, and early recognition
of nutrition issues and concerns related
to infants, children, and adolescents. Bright
Futures in practice: Nutrition pocket
guide (2002)
is a quick reference tool for the comprehensive
nutrition practice guide. The pocket
guide highlights key aspects of each
developmental period and includes tools
such as indicators of nutrition risk
and tips for promoting food safety.
Also see Bright
Futures nutrition: Family fact sheets (2002).
- White House Task Force on Childhood
Obesity. 2010. Solving
the Problem of Childhood Obesity Within a Generation:
Report to the President. Washington, DC:
Executive Office of the President of the United
States. This report describes the problem of
child and adolescent obesity, recommends steps
to address the problem, and outlines benchmarks
of success. Recommendations focus on the early
childhood period, empowering parents and caregivers,
providing healthy food in schools, improving
access to healthy, affordable foods, and increasing
physical activity.
The databases listed below are excellent tools for identifying data, additional literature and research, and programs about child and adolescent nutrition. Many of the entries below contain tips on how to use the databases efficiently. Please note that databases vary in how terms should be entered; for example, some require quotation marks and others don't. Enter search phrases as shown in bold below.
- Child
Trends DataBank.
Reports on national trends and
research on over 80 key indicators
of child and adolescent well-being,
and offers information about the
types of programs and interventions
that may influence particular outcomes.
Child Trends is a nonprofit, nonpartisan
research organization providing
research and data to inform decision-making
that affects children and adolescents.
- National
Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey (NHANES).
Provides data sets, survey results,
and other documentation about the
health and nutrition of the U.S.
population. NHANES is a product
of the National
Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
- National
Nutrient Database for Standard
Reference.
Lists nutrients for more than 7,500
food items. Includes a portion-modifier
option. The database is a service
of the Nutrient
Data Laboratory (NDL) at
the Agricultural
Research Service (ARS).
NDL also offers reports about single
nutrients and the nutritive value
of foods; measurement-conversion
tables; food-composition publications;
and journal articles.
- Pediatric
Nutrition Surveillance System (PedNSS).
Monitors the nutritional status
of children from birth to age 5
who are enrolled in federally funded
MCH programs, such as the Supplemental
Nutrition Program for Women, Infants,
and Children (WIC), the Early and
Periodic Screening, Diagnostic,
and Treatment (EPSDT) Program,
the Title V Maternal and Child
Health Program, and Head Start.
Data on birthweight, short stature,
underweight, overweight, anemia,
and breastfeeding are collected
for children who visit public health
clinics for routine care, nutrition
education, and supplemental foods.
PedNSS is administered by the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC).
- Title
V Information System (Title V IS).
Contains data from annual Title
V Block Grant applications and
reports submitted by all 59 U.S.
states and jurisdictions. To learn
about states' efforts to address
child and adolescent nutrition,
conduct two searches. Select Measurement
and Indicator Data and go to the
State Data section. First, select
State Priority Needs Keyword Search
and choose Keyword: Nutrition/Physical
Activity and Population: Children
(1 through 21). Click on Start
Search to get your results. Next,
return to Measurement
and Indicator Data and select State Performance
Measures. Click on Search by Keyword/Population.
Select Keyword: Nutrition/Physical
Activity and Population: Children
(1 through 21). Click on Start
Search to get your results. Title
V IS is a service of the Maternal
and Child Health Bureau (MCHB).
- Youth
Risk Behavior Surveillance System
(YRBSS): Youth Online.
Provides comprehensive results
from the YRBSS that can be viewed
by location (United States, state/territory,
or local) and health topic, including
dietary behaviors. Categories can
be compared online. Youth Online
is a service of CDC's Division
of Adolescent and School Health
(DASH).
- Also see the National
Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP):
Data Tools and National
Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
- AGRICOLA
(AGRICultural OnLine Access).
Contains bibliographic information
for agricultural literature including
many child and adolescent nutrition
publications from the USDA's Food
and Nutrition Service; state child
nutrition agencies; Nutrition Education
and Training Program products;
Team Nutrition grantees; cooperative
extension program materials; and
materials from associations, universities,
and the private sector. AGRICOLA
is organized into two data sets
(books and journal articles). To
identify books and articles on
the topic, click on Keyword Search.
Enter the terms, children adolescents and
select
"any of these" and "Subject"
in the two fields to the right. Click "And".
In the next row, enter nutrition.
Click on
"Set Limits" to narrow your search
(e.g., add a publication date limit).
Use the thesaurus to
identify additional search terms for
this search or related searches. AGRICOLA
is a service of the National
Agricultural Library (NAL).
- Database
of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects
(DARE).
Contains summaries of systematic
reviews that have met strict quality
criteria. Included reviews must
be about the effects of interventions.
Each summary also provides a critical
commentary on the quality of the
review. The database covers a broad
range of health topics, including
nutrition. To identify summaries
on the topic, type nutrition
AND (child OR adolescent) in
the search box. Click on Go
to get your results. DARE is produced
and maintained by the Centre
for Reviews and Dissemination at
the University of York.
- Food
and Nutrition Information Center
(FNIC) Databases.
Presents a collection of databases
about evaluated food and nutrition
education and training materials
and research. The databases are
Education and Training Materials Database
Food Safety Education and Training Materials Database
Food Safety Research Information Office Research Projects Database
Healthy Meals Resource System Education and Training Materials Database
- MCH Library at
the National
Center for Education in Maternal
and Child Health (NCEMCH),
Georgetown University. Maintains
several databases to collect, manage,
and disseminate knowledge about
MCH, with special emphasis on knowledge
gained from initiatives and programs
supported by the Maternal
and Child Health Bureau (MCHB).
The library's bibliographic database
is
MCHLine®. Comprises an online catalog of materials in the MCH Library. See the bibliography, Childhood nutrition, for a selection of library materials on the topic. To identify nutrition materials about adolescents, type "adolescent nutrition" in the keyword field of the database search form. Enter a publication date or date range to narrow your search.
The MCH Library also offers organizations and programs databases.
- National
Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC).
Contains evidence-based clinical
practice guidelines and related
materials for health professionals.
Identify guidelines by selecting
Detailed Search in the Search box.
Enter nutrition in the Keyword
field. Scroll down on the search
form to select Age of Target Population
(e.g., Adolescent, Child, Infant).
Hold down the control key (ctrl)
or Apple command key and click
your mouse to make multiple selections.
The database is an initiative of
the Agency
for Healthcare Research and Quality
(AHRQ).
- PubMed.
Contains over 20 million citations
for biomedical articles from MEDLINE
and life science journals. Citations
may include links to full-text articles
from PubMed
Central or publisher web sites. To identify articles
on the topic, enter the term nutrition in the search box. Click on Limits and make the
following selections on the page: select a date (e.g.
Published in the last 2 years); click on Languages:
English; click on Species: Humans; click on Ages:
All Child; and select Search Field Tags: MeSH Major
Topic. Click on Search to
get your results. To narrow your search further or
for additional searches, use the MeSH (Medical
Subject
Headings) database to identify terms (e.g., nutrition AND food preferences, nutrition AND health
education). PubMed is a service
of the National
Library of Medicine (NLM).
- Also see the Center
on Media and Child Health (CMCH).
- Health
Services Research Projects in Progress
(HSRProj).
Provides information about ongoing
health services research and public
health projects. To identify projects
on the topic, enter the search
phrase nutrition AND (child
OR adolescent). Click on Search
to get your results. HSRProj is
funded by the National
Library of Medicine (NLM).
- MCH Library at
the National
Center for Education in Maternal
and Child Health (NCEMCH),
Georgetown University. Maintains
two databases to identify nutrition-related
organizations and programs:
MCH Organizations Database. Lists over 2,000 government, professional, and voluntary organizations involved in MCH activities, primarily at a national level. Type nutrition in the keyword field of the database search form to identify organizations that focus on the topic. Click on Search to get your results.
MCH Projects Database. Comprises an online catalog of projects funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) through October 1, 2002. MCHB funds several projects about child and adolescent nutrition. To identify them, go to the database search form. Type nutrition in the Abstract field. Final reports are available from several of these projects.
- Shaping
America's Youth (SAY) Program Registry.
Includes information on intervention
programs throughout the United
States that are working to improve
nutrition and physical activity
in children and adolescents. Search
by program name, keyword, organization,
state, and category (e.g., programs
addressing child nutrition). SAY
is a national joint public- and
private-sector initiative to identify
and centralize efforts currently
under way across the United States
to reverse the rapidly increasing
prevalence of overweight and inactivity
among children and adolescents.
- State
Legislative Information.
Contains summaries of state legislative
bills related to nutrition and
physical activity from 2001 to
the present. Links are provided
to each state legislature site
where the full-text version of
the bill is available. This database
is presented by the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC).
Electronic Newsletters and Online Discussion Groups
- Children's
Nutrition Research Center (CNRC):
Nutrition and Your Child.
This quarterly electronic newsletter
offers research-based information
to those interested in the nutritional
care and feeding of infants, children,
and adolescents.
- Food
and Nutrition Information Center:
Listservs and Blogs.
This annotated list links to electronic
discussion groups and blogs about child care
and school food service; food stamps;
general food and nutrition topics;
and health and physical activity.
- Food
Research and Action Center (FRAC)
News Digest.
This weekly electronic newsletter
highlights news about hunger, nutrition,
and poverty.
- See the MCH Library family resource brief Nutrition in Kids and Teens.
Resources for Schools
- See the MCH Library school resource brief Nutrition Education and School Meals.
Resources on Specific Aspects of Nutrition
Child
Care/Early Childhood Education
Food
Marketing to Children
Food
Safety
Food
Security and Nutrition Assistance Programs
Child Care/Early Childhood Education
- FitSource:
A Web Directory for Providers.
Presents a set of links to resources
for child care and after-school
program professionals to help them
incorporate physical activity and
nutrition into their programs.
Resources include activities, lesson
plans, healthy recipes, information
for parents, and other downloadable
tools. FitSource is presented by
the National
Child Care Information Center (NCCIC).
- Healthy
Meals Resource System (HMRS): Child
Care Providers.
Contains training materials, news,
recipes, and other resources for
child care providers about planning
and preparing nutritious meals
and food safety. The Food
and Nutrition Information Center
(FNIC) developed
HMRS as the training and technical-assistance
component of Team
Nutrition.
- American
Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), American
Public Health Association (APHA),
and National
Resource Center for Health and Safety
in Child Care.
2011. Caring
for our children: National health
and safety performance standards—Guidelines
for out-of-home child care, 3rd ed. Washington,
DC: American Public Health Association.
This manual provides health and safety
guidelines for planning and establishing
a high-quality child care program.
Panels of experts formulated these
health
and safety standards, which were
then reviewed nationally for content
and feasibility. Nutrition and food service are addressed.
- Healthy
Eating Research.
2007. Promoting
good nutrition and physical activity
in child-care settings.
Minneapolis, MN: Healthy Eating Research.
This brief presents an overview of
research that examines the nutritional
quality of meals and snacks, opportunities
for physical activity, and the outcomes
of interventions designed to prevent
overweight and obesity in child care
settings.
- National
Head Start Training and Technical
Assistance Resource Center.
2006. Physically
healthy and ready to learn.
Washington, DC: National Head Start
Training and Technical Assistance
Resource Center. This technical-assistance
paper offers guidance to Head Start
programs regarding the implementation
of Head Start program performance
standards related to child health
and developmental services, child
health and safety, and child nutrition.
- American
Academy of Pediatrics (AAP): Media
Matters Campaign.
Contains information and program
materials about this effort to
help pediatricians, parents, and
children become more aware of the
influence that media has on child
and adolescent health, including
nutrition.
- Center
for Science in the Public Interest
(CSPI): Decrease Marketing of Low-Nutrition
Foods to Children.
Offers articles and reports about
improving child and adolescent
nutrition by decreasing the marketing
of low-nutrition foods to children.
- Center
on Media and Child Health (CMCH).
Offers an online database of
research articles examining the
relationship between media exposure
and health-risk behaviors, including
poor nutrition. To identify articles
on the topic, type nutrition in
the Words field. Narrow your search
by adding a publication date or
age group. CMCH is a joint project
of Children's Hospital Boston,
Harvard Medical School, and the
Harvard School of Public Health.
- Media-Smart
Youth: Eat, Think, and Be Active! Offers
a web-based health-promotion program
designed to help young adolescents
(ages 11 to 13) become aware of
how media may influence their nutrition
and physical activity choices.
A variety of activities encourage
participants to make healthy snack
choices. Each lesson includes a
snack break during which adolescents
learn to make a nutritious snack
and receive a recipe to take home
and share with their families.
This after-school program was developed
by the National
Institute of Child Health and Human
Development (NICHD).
- Mikkelsen L, Merlo
C, Lee V, Chao C. 2007. Where's
the fruit? Fruit content of the most
highly-advertised children's food and
beverages. Oakland, CA: Prevention
Institute. This report describes
a study to determine whether indications
of fruit on the packaging of the most
heavily marketed products to children
represents actual fruit in the product.
In response, the Strategic Alliance
Promoting Healthy Food and Activity
Environments, of which the Prevention
Institute is a part issued Setting
the bar: Recommendations for food and
beverage industry action (2007).
A follow-up report, When
will there be fruit? One year later:
Fruit content of the most highly-advertised
children's foods and beverages (2008)
describes a re-examination of the food
products in the initial study to determine
if any significant changes have been
made to the packaging or ingredients.
- McGinnis JM, Gootman
JA, Kraak VI, eds. 2006. Food
marketing to children and youth: Threat
or opportunity? Washington,
DC: National
Academies Press.
This book reviews scientific studies
designed to assess the influence of
marketing on the nutritional beliefs,
choices, practices, and outcomes of
children and adolescents.
- Program
for the Study of Entertainment Media
and Health.
2007. Food
for thought: Television food advertising
to children in the United States.
Menlo Park, CA: Henry
J. Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF).
This report combines content analysis
of TV advertisements with detailed
data about children's viewing habits
to provide an estimate of the number
and type of TV advertisements seen
by children of various ages. The
report is intended to help policymakers,
advocates, and those in the food
industry understand the nature and
scope of the online environment children
face. Accompanying the report is
a webcast of a roundtable discussion
featuring food-industry leaders,
government health officials, and
consumer advocates.
- Weiss S. 2007. Adolescent
exposure to food advertising on television:
Research highlight.
Princeton, NJ: Robert
Wood Johnson Foundation.
This brief describes research examining
food advertising exposure and the
nutritional content of the foods
advertised on programs viewed by
adolescents ages 12-17.
- American
Dietetic Association (ADA): Home
Food Safety.
Offers tips, teaching tools, Spanish-language
materials, statistics, and other
resources about foodborne illness
and safe food handling at home.
- Center
for Science in the Public Interest
(CSPI): Food Safety.
Offers articles, reports, consumer
tips, outbreak alerts, and model
legislation about food safety.
- Fight
Bac! Presents
information and materials about
safe food handling practices needed
to keep food safe from bacteria
and prevent foodborne illness.
Fight Bac! is an initiative of
the Partnership
for Food Safety Education (PFSE).
- Food
Safety Information Center (FSIC).
Offers information about food safety
to health and education professionals,
consumers, and the food industry.
Topics include pathogens and contaminants,
sanitation and quality standards,
emergency preparedness and management,
food preparation and handling,
and food processing and technology.
FSIC is a service of the National
Agricultural Library (NAL).
- www.FoodSafety.gov.
Links to selected government food-safety-related
information, including food safety
alerts and recalls.
- Becker GS, Porter DV.
2007. Federal
food safety system: A primer.
Washington, DC: Congressional Research
Service. This report presents an overview
of the federal food safety system and
the debate over whether reorganization
is needed.
- Institute
of Medicine (IOM),
Forum on Microbial Threats. 2006. Addressing
foodborne threats to health: Policies,
practices, and global coordination.
Workshop summary.
Washington, DC: National
Academies Press.
This report summarizes a workshop
convened to examine issues critical
to the protection of the nation's
food supply. Workshop participants
discussed the threat spectrum and
burden of disease associated with
foodborne illness and the role that
increasing globalization of food
production and distribution plays
in the transmission of foodborne
disease. Participants also reviewed
existing research, policies, and
practices concerning foodborne threats
to identify unmet needs, challenges,
and opportunities for improving food-safety
systems, surveillance, and emergency
response.
- Nesheim MC, Yaktine
AL., eds. 2006. Seafood
choices: Balancing benefits and risks.
Washington, DC: National
Academies Press.
This report reviews the evidence on
the benefits and risks associated with
seafood consumption and recommends
ways to guide U.S. consumers in making
seafood selections to meet their needs,
including the needs of pregnant women
and children.
- World
Health Organization (WHO), Department
of Food Safety, Zoonoses and Foodborne
Diseases (FOS). 2006. Five
keys to safer food manual. Geneva,
Switzerland: World
Health Organization (WHO). This
training manual addresses the five
steps to keeping food safe.
- See Healthy
People 2010 and
the Food
and Nutrition Information Center
(FNIC) Databases.
Food Security and Nutrition Assistance Programs
- Children's Health Watch.
Presents reports and articles about the impact of
economic conditions and public policies on the health and well-being
of infants and children from birth
to age 3 from families with low
incomes. Nutrition is addressed. Children's Health Watch is a non-partisan
research and public policy center
led by a national network of pediatricians
and public health researchers.
- Economic
Research Service (ERS).
Contains economic information,
research, and publications on topics that include
diet, health, safety, and food-and-nutrition-assistance
programs.
- Food
and Nutrition Service (FNS).
Contains program information and
resources about its nutrition-assistance
programs, including the Supplemental
Nutrition Program for Women, Infants
and Children (WIC),
the School
Meals Program,
and the Summer
Food Service Program.
Initiatives
include
Loving Your Family Feeding Their Future: Nutrition Education Through the Food Stamp Program. Provides educational and promotional materials and techniques to help nutrition educators in their work with Food Stamp Program (FSP) participants and eligibles.
Also see FNS' Team Nutrition.
- Food
Research and Action Center (FRAC).
Contains news, legislative information,
research, an electronic
newsletter, and program information
and materials about hunger and
federal food assistance programs.
FRAC advocates at the national,
state, and local level for more
effective public and private policies
to eradicate domestic hunger and
undernutrition.
- National
Center for Children in Poverty
(NCCP): Data Tools.
Offers several databases containing
national and state statistics on
the income status, education level,
family structure, and employment
status of families and children;
information about state and federal
policies that assist families and
children with low incomes, such
as nutrition-assistance programs;
a family resource simulator that
simulates the impact of federal
and state work-support benefits
on the budgets of families with
low to moderate incomes, and an
income converter.
- Supplemental
Nutrition Program for Women, Infants
and Children (WIC).
Contains program information and
data, eligibility criteria, publications,
and state agency contact information
for this program that serves to
safeguard the health of low-income
pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding
postpartum women, infants, and
children from birth to age 5 who
are at nutritional risk by providing
nutritious foods to supplement
diets, information on healthy eating,
and referrals to health care. WIC
is administered by the USDA's Food
and Nutrition Service (FNS).
- WIC
Works Resource System. Contains
nutrition service tools for health
and nutrition professionals serving
in WIC. Resources include an online
training course, an educational
and training materials database,
WIC-related reports and program
information, and state WIC agency
materials. WIC Works is a joint
project between the Food
and Nutrition Information Center
(FNIC),
the Food
and Nutrition Service (FNS),
and the University of Maryland.
- Institute
of Medicine.
2006. WIC
food packages: Time for a change.
Washington, DC: National
Academies Press.
This report is based on the work
of a committee formed to evaluate
WIC food packages (the list of specific
foods WIC participants obtain each
month). The report proposes changes
to the food packages to improve the
quality of the diet of WIC participants
while also promoting a healthy body
weight that will reduce the risk
of chronic diseases.
- Also see Healthy
People 2010,
the Child
Trends DataBank,
the Pediatric
Nutrition Surveillance System (PedNSS), AGRICOLA ,
and the Food
and Nutrition Information Center
(FNIC) Databases.
- Community Services Locator: An Online Directory for Finding Community Services for Children and Families knowledge path
- Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents knowledge path, family resource brief, school resource brief
- Physical Activity and Children and Adolescents knowledge path, family resource brief, school resource brief
Nutrition in Children and Adolescents:
Knowledge Path, 5th ed. (April 2008). (Updated: September 2011).
Author: Susan Brune Lorenzo,
M.L.S., MCH Library.
Reviewers: Meredith Bruening, R.D., Leadership
Education and Training Program in MCH Nutrition
at the University of Minnesota, School
of Public Health; Stephanie Heim, Leadership
Education and Training Program in MCH Nutrition
at the University of Minnesota, School
of Public Health; Olivia Pickett, M.A.,
M.L.S., MCH Library;
Jane Mitchell Rees, Ph.D., R.D., C.D.,
Maternal Child Health Program and Adolescent
Medicine Section at the University of Washington
School of Public Health and Community Medicine;
Jamie Stang, Ph.D., M.P.H., R.D., University
of Minnesota, School of Public Health;
Bridget L. Wardley, M.S., R.D., Department
of Nutrition, Food Studies and Public Health,
New York University.
Editor: Ruth Barzel, M.A., MCH Library.
